Caltech is a private doctorate-granting university that was established as the Throop University in September 1891 by a Pasadena philanthropist Amos Throop. The college attracted influential scientists such as George Ellery Hale, Arthur Amos Noyes and Robert Andrews Millikan, and this led to the growth of the university. It was renamed the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1920. The institute is primarily devoted to the instruction of pure and applied sciences and its motto is “The truth shall make you free”. Caltech’s 124-acre primary campus is located in the city of Pasadena in California, United States.